If you have been online in the past few day's chances are that you have seen the headline "new vulnerability discovered in OpenSSL" or something along those lines. This new vulnerability has been dubbed as DROWN (Decrypting RSA with Obsolete and Weakened eNcryption), and it is said to effect over 11 million websites and email services worldwide.
DROWN is a cross-protocol attack that uses weaknesses in the SSLv2
implementation against transport layer security (TLS), and that can "decrypt passively collected TLS sessions from up-to-date clients." While latest versions don't allow SSLv2 connections by default,
administrators sometimes, unintentionally override those settings in an
attempt to optimize applications and this is where the problem lies. The DROWN attack could allow an attacker to
decrypt HTTPS connections by sending specially crafted malicious packets
to a server or if the certificate is shared on another server,
potentially performing a successful Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attack. It has been reported that more than 33% of all HTTPS servers are vulnerable to DROWN based MITM attacks.
If you want to see if your website is vulnerable to this critical security hole you can check out https://drownattack.com/. If your website is vulnerable there is good news in the fact that an academic
researchers uncovered the DROWN security hole and a patch for the
vulnerability has already been made available with an OpenSSL update. And just in case you get to happy the Bad news is that the DROWN attack
can be conducted in just under a minute and now that the bug has been
disclosed, it may be actively used by hackers to attack servers. So really this isnt something that you want to be putting on the long finger, OpenSSL 1.0.2 users are strongly advised to upgrade to OpenSSL 1.0.2g and OpenSSL 1.0.1 users are recommended to upgrade to OpenSSL 1.0.1s. And if you are using another version of OpenSSL for security, you should move up to the newer versions 1.0.2g or 1.0.1s.
In order to protect yourself against the DROWN attack, you should ensure SSLv2 is disabled, as well as make sure that the private key isn’t shared across any other servers. Those already vulnerable to DROWN attack do not need to re-issue certificates but are recommended to take action in order to prevent the attack immediately. And remember the fact that this has been widely publicized you can be sure that hackers are actively targeting websites that have not implemented the above so get your IT team moving.
This is the second post I have done on this topic and the reason for this is the increasing amount of questioning that I have been getting from parents around this area. I think in the past year the message is starting to sink in that real threats do occur online and you need to be aware of how to mitigate against them. First of all can I say that educating your child on how to use a computer can be very beneficial but use this time wisely educate your child how to master IT skills through the likes of your local coder dojo or local computer classes for children, I would not however suggest letting your child have unlimited access to your ipad or family computer. In many cases, kids are more technologically advanced than adults, so some parents may feel intimidated and refrain from enforcing rules that are imperative to protect their children as they surf and socialize online. This is a very real fact there are however ways for parents to educate themselves so they can take a more interactive role in how they deal with there children's use of online forums. Security software is one way to restrict what kids see and do on the web, taking a lot of pressure off parents to stay current with every new risk. But it’s still important that parents get involved with their kids’ online lives, and make sure that their children know how to act and how to react to what they see on the web. Communicating the dangers of the web to your child and staying involved in what they can and cannot do online helps build up an understanding of what is safe and acceptable.
In order to communicate these dangers parents firstly need to understand what the potential threats may be. The number one threat to children today be meeting a predator online, but there are many other online experiences that can result in inappropriate or illegal activity. Kids need to be told that not everything they read online is true, and that there is a lot of material on the web that is not meant for them. This material can include fascist sites, pornography sites, drug sites, and other explicit content that an unprotected child can easily view. To help mitigate these risks there are many new software options available such as filtering technologies, child-safe browsers and search engines that restrict where your child can surf.
Loss of privacy is a another big risk. Kids must be shown how important it is to protect their personal information and the information of their family and friends. Many child-oriented web sites solicit information from kids in surveys and forms in exchange for prizes, and get them to register online for fan clubs. In chat rooms, sharing their gender, age, and favorite hangout could seem harmless, but predators can easily use this information to track down the child. Parents need to be aware that digital predators often pose as children in order to gather information and ultimately meet their unsuspecting victims. But kids also flirt and pretend to be older than they actually are, not thinking about the potential results of such actions. It is also common for kids to get into online fights or become the target of bullying via email, chat, and instant messaging, this type of behavior can sometime consume the victim so much that they become withdrawn and with no physical marks to show from such behavior it can become hard for parents to figure out whats going on. With the introduction of such apps like snapchat where the messages disappear from the victims phone within seconds it can be very hard for a child to prove that the bullying exists. I would strongly recommend that parents are very aware of what messaging apps your child is using and carefully monitor there activity especially if the child's behavior starts to change.
Blogs such as this one and Social networking sites such as Facebook are places where kids can share too much information—not only names and addresses but also personal photos that sometimes show illegal acts, such as underage drinking or drug use. Ask your kids to share their blogs or online profiles with you so you can check the content. If you are spicious that your kids are hiding content from you then use Google, along with the search tools on social networking sites, to search for profiles your child may have posted. Use your child’s full name, phone number, and other identifying information. You can also use Google images to upload a picture they may use on social media sites and this will trawl the web for that pictures or ones that may be similar.
The next threat vector parents need to be aware of is Peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing this alone creates new issues and privacy problems. These programs allow people to browse and download files from Internet-connected personal computers of anyone else who uses the same program. This makes it easy for cyber criminals to spread viruses, Trojan horses, and spyware. Kids can also accidentally download pornography that is labeled misleadingly. I would strongly suggest that you don't allow your children to use such services unless you are able to closely monitor the content. Setting up a virtual machine will help mitigate the threat of malware and virus's to your main machine if you run your p2p service off the virtual machine but it will not prevent your child accidentally downloading porn.
So how do parents go about becoming proactive about the above? I have complied a list of ten things that you should sit down with your children and go through. The below list will set out clear boundaries for your child and let them know that you care and are taking a proactive role about there online security.
1) Monitor your child's online activity this is by far the most important step to take. Limit the chance that they are looking up inappropriate material by putting the computer in a high-traffic family area and limit there usage. There are loads of child monitoring software packages out there so do your own research to find a software that meets your needs and budget.
2) Fortify your computer with strong security software and make sure to keep it up to date I have wrote about the importance of this in past blogs so take a look through my posts if you need help with this. Using software such as The McAfee® Internet Security Suite guarantees protection from viruses, hackers, and spyware. It filters offensive content, pictures, and web sites. The anti-virus software will also protect your computer from viruses and spyware by automatically scanning email attachments and files downloaded from P2P file-sharing sites. For the most complete way to keep your children safe online, use McAfee Family Protection. It keeps children of all ages safe from exposure to inappropriate content, social networking risks, strangers, and other online threats. With McAfee, kids are free to safely explore, learn, and enjoy their online interests.
3) Make sure kids understand basic rules for using social networking sites such as Facebook and blogs. They should guard their passwords, and never post personally identifying information or inappropriate photos. Blogs and social networking sites offer privacy tools that can be turned on to restrict potentially dangerous users. The sites automatically provide these protective tools to kids under 15. Kids should share information only with people they know from the real world. Make sure that your kids understand that there are bad people online to and they may not be who they claims its very easy make up a fake social media account.
4) Never ever let your child arrange in-person meetings with people they meet online. If however for some reason you think that this is acceptable you should confirm the person’s identity, and you should accompany your child to the meeting in a public place.
5) When using P2P file-sharing programs, kids should not download files from users whom they don’t know. They could be downloading infected files, pictures, games, and music that are inappropriate, or media files protected by copyright law. As I said above using a virtual machine for this activity will save your computer if they do download a virus. Also its important to note that kids should not allow users to upload their music files unless they’re certain that they have permission to share them. You can disable the upload feature so that your kids don't inadvertently share files without permission.
6) Don’t allow kids to fill out online forms or surveys. If there is a legitimate site where they want to register, such as Nickelodeon or Disney, have them come to you first so you can check the site’s privacy policy and rules of conduct. You should take the time to read there privacy statement but I suggest use a throw away email address for such sign ups and limit the amount of factual information you need to share.
7) Only allow your children to use monitored chat rooms, and have them use a screen name that doesn’t hint at their true identity. As with blogs and MySpace, kids should never reveal personal information or share photos. Make sure they understand that people can lie about who they are and that online friends are still strangers.
8) Teach your kids to ignore emails and instant messages from people they don’t know. They should never open attachments they are not expecting nor click on links in messages. As with blogs and Facebook, they should not send out personal information.
9) Use browsers for kids and kid-oriented search engines. Children’s browsers such as Google safe search for kids do not display inappropriate words or images. It comes pre-loaded with kid-safe web sites and pre-set word filters.
10) Set you kids goals to research online safety be themselves as them to write you a little report on what they think the dangers online might be. Fact Monster is an excellent reference site, packed with information and homework help. For Ireland you should check out the office for internet safety.
With the massive rise in popularity of messaging apps in the past few years with Snapchat said to have at least 30 million active monthly users while WhatsApp and LINE sport 400 million and 300 million registered users, respectively. The ever increasing risk of cyber attacks against such accounts and there retrospective servers is a given. The issue with a lot of these apps is they request a mountain of personal information in order for you to be able to use the service. Giving this information requires a lot of trusting of the application developer and from past exploits its hard to say a lot of these developers deserve your trust. The question now is "how do you protect yourself whilst using such application?"
Well in order to help you with this I have compiled a number of steps that if followed should help minimize your risk of exposure if your account becomes victim to a cyber attack.
1) Be discreet. If you want to use messaging apps as a way to contact certain people, avoid using real-life identification details that can be traced back to you. If that can’t be avoided, use as little real information as possible, depending on the app you’re using. Avoid linking your social networking profiles to your messaging app accounts.
2) Secure your messaging app accounts. Use a unique email account for your messaging app. Don’t reuse passwords.
3) Don’t share anything you wouldn’t want the public to get wind of. Oversharing is one of the biggest mistakes you can ever make online; using messaging apps is no exception. Be aware of what you share. And when in doubt, keep sensitive information to yourself.
4) Limit what access you give your messaging application eg don't give access to your location or photos unless you need to.
Over the past few months Microsoft have been firing out their new operating system Windows 10 to the world for free. This blog is more aimed at anyone who is just after installing the operating system as chances are if you are a windows user you may have already upgraded or will be doing so in the near future. Like most things that come fresh out of the box to make them work to a level you might expect takes some tweaking. I am going to focus on a few basic steps you should take right away to make your new operating system secure.
1) Run the windows update straight away, I know you may have spend an hour or two installing the dam thing but running windows update will make sure your operating system has the latest patches. To find windows update just click the little search bar at the bottom of your screen and type "windows update" once opened just hit "check for updates" and your done.
2) System restore is turned off by default in Windows 10 so you might want to turn this on. Microsoft have renamed this function as "system protection" so to turn this on head back down to the little search bar and type "This PC" when the logo appears right click on it and select "Properties" click on "system protection" then click "Configure" and turn system protection on.
3) Check your Windows 10 privacy setting by default everything and I mean everything in here is turned on. To get here you go to START > Settings> Privacy spend a bit of time looking over this and make sure you are happy with it.
4) Make sure that all of your applications are updated in an earlier post I mentioned that Secunia PSI was a good application to check this.
5) Make sure you have your anti-virus turned on if you don't have an anti-virus Windows has a build in AV called Windows Defender. You can find Defender by going to the search bar and typing "Windows Defender".
One of the things that people normally give very little
thought to is what browsers they use to surf the internet. Personally the two
browsers that I use with the most frequency are:
-Chrome and Firefox
And the search engine that most people use on both of these browsers
would be google. By using these
popular services however you may also be giving up more personal information than you might be comfortable with. It is a known fact that Google has been
tracking your web activity and this explains a lot of the target based ads that tend
to appear on websites that you may visit. If you like to get a breakdown of exactly how this can impact you I suggest you take a look at Don't Track Us. To defend against this change the search engine you use to DuckDuckGo. DuckDuckGo does not
collect or share any of your personal information. There's no search history,
profile or anything else stored, sold, or given to third parties. This means
that I can now browse the web without been targeted by ad campaigns temping you to buy the latest new gadgets that you can’t afford. In addition to this if you would like even more web anonymity download and installed the onion browser from Tor.
As stated on the Tor website “Tor is free software and an
open network that helps you defend against traffic analysis, a form of network
surveillance that threatens personal freedom and privacy, confidential business
activities and relationships, and state security.” Tor is also very easy to
install and can be downloaded from the Tor Project. Once you have the above done there are additional steps that you can take to secure things even more.
Configure your browser’s security and privacy settings
Review your browser’s privacy and security settings to make sure you’re comfortable with what’s checked or unchecked. Frequently, browser updates are released to plug recently discovered security holes. So it’s important to always keep any browsers you use updated. I spoke about the importance of patching your applications in an earlier post and this is no different.
Set up Google alerts for your browser to stay current on any emerging security issues.
Plug-ins and extensions are also an area you need to be really wary of make sure you know what the purpose of the plug-in or extension is and what permissions you are giving it.
The majority of plug-ins and extensions are safe, however, and some can help increase your browser’s security. Below are 3 free browser extensions for added security that you can install.
• HTTPS Everywhere. The Electronic Frontier Foundation and The Tor Project jointly developed this Firefox, Chrome, and Opera extension. HTTPS is a communications protocol for securing communications over a computer network, vs. the standard HTTP protocol, which is more widely used but less secure. HTTPS Everywhere encrypts communication with many major websites to help secure your browsing experience.
• Web of Trust (also known as WOT). This extension for Internet Explorer, Firefox, Chrome, Safari, and Opera helps you determine if a website is safe to surf. The extension displays traffic signal icons next to URLs and links. Green means the site is reliable; yellow indicates you should proceed with caution; red translates to “steer clear.” .
• LongURL.org. If you’re on Twitter or Facebook etc and you see a shortened link embedded in an interesting post, you might click it. Shortened links have been known to mask malicious links. If you’re unsure of a shortened link, copy and paste it into the search box at LongURL.org. You’ll see where the link would take you, without having to actually click through to the site.
Online Accounts:
I believe that this is an area of exposure that you actually
have the least control over as you are trusting a third party with my login credentials
and personal information. With this trust you can only hope that they are
properly securing your data. One area you do have control over however is how
secure you make your login to these sites. In the past few years the main social
media, email and service providers have offered two phase authentication or two
step verification to help users protect their login details. I have covered how to set this
up on the following accounts.
-Twitter
-Gmail
-iTunes
It is straight forward to do this and I will start with
Twitter. Once you log into your twitter account navigate to your profile
picture at the top right of the page and click here. Now select settings once
in the settings menu select security and privacy in here you can turn on log on
verification. Once this is turned on you need to select a trusted device and
every time you log onto twitter from now on you will need both your password
and a unique code that will be sent to your chosen device.
To set this up on your gmail account which will secure all
of your gmail accounts using this login i.e google drive, google plus etc. You
need to log in and click the little nut type figure at the top right of your
screen from the drop down menu select settings. From here select accounts and
import and then select other google account settings. From here click on sign-in
and security and follow the steps. At the end of the process google will show
you a screen ticking off all of the area that are now protected.
To set up your iTunes account you need to go to https://appleid.apple.com and log in.
Once logged in navigate to password and security in here you can set up two step
verification. iTunes makes you wait three days after requesting to set this up just
in case you are not who you say you are. I actually think that the three day waiting
period is a good idea as you will get an email to say that two step verification
was requested and this will give anyone who didn’t try and set this up time to protect
themselves.Facebook also has this feature and I
would recommend setting it up if you have a facebook account.
In light of the popularity of the Black Friday phenomenon having made a full transition online shoppers need to be more aware that ever of how they shop online. This is a day that cyber criminals will be in full flight waiting to grab shoppers credit card and login information using eCommerce sites that are vulnerable. This is a day that shoppers need to be extra vigilante when shopping online. Silcon Republic have posted a number of tips to help customers keep safe and the article can be found here.
The main points from that article can be found below.
1) Consumers should be careful not to expose their computer or mobile screen to the eyes of strangers, especially when a credit card number is visible.
2) Online shoppers need to keep their computer updated with the latest malware protection. Even if a consumer conducts all transactions on a secure site, it is possible for the computer to be hacked or to be running malware, which means all data entered can still be stolen.
3) Be aware of internet connections. Using a public Wi-Fi service without encryption gives anyone the ability to hack into the connection and collect a user’s information.
4) Pay close attention to shopping websites. Many websites do not properly protect the data they collect. Shoppers can know the site is safe if it has a green lock in the address bar, which signifies the company has met strict standards with respect to protecting data they collect from customers.
5) Finally, shoppers should frequently monitor bank statements for suspicious transactions. Many times, cyber theft is done in small amounts in order not to draw suspicion.
If you need help in making your devices even more secure you should have a read of some of my posts on securing your laptop and iphone. All of my posts can be found on my blog.
For most people laptops are a normal part of their daily lives, however how much thought do people actually put into how secure these devices are? We use laptops for work, banking, our personal data photographs etc so why don't we spend more time securing the devices that we spend so much of our lives on? The main reason is probably effort, it just takes to much effort to worry about all that crap. Whats the worst thing that could happen anyway? I suppose worst case scenario is identity theft followed by all your bank accounts reset to zero and an email to everyone in your contacts of that inappropriate picture you took on a late Saturday night and forgot to erase. But lets not think about what could happen as I am going to give you a list of 5 things you can do to hopefully prevent some of the above.
1) Patch your operating system/ applications
This one is pretty straight forward, Microsoft and Apple both send out regular patches for their operating systems you should take the time to install these and keep your operating system up to date. Most attackers will try and exploit weaknesses in an operating system so by keeping your system patched you are staying a step ahead of at least some attacks.
For information on how to do this on Windows click here
Once you have your operating system all patched your focus should turn to your applications as the same applies here. A handy tool that I use for this is the free software vulnerability scanner Secunia PSI that can be downloaded here. I don't believe that this works with mac but the link above on apple explains how you can keep all of your iOS applications updated. You should also install an anti-virus software AVG is a good free one for malware you can also install malware bytes this is free for a trial period which should be long enough to get rid of any nasty malware on your system.
2) Create a backup
This is very important and with the flurry of ransomware attacks happening at the moment it may also save you losing a week or twos wages to get your data back. Creating a backup in Windows is actually pretty straight forward.
go to Control Panel - Backup and Restore - Create a system image
Once you get here you need to plug in a hard drive or multiple cds/dvds for your machine to backup to. It takes about 2 hours depending on your system but might save you a major headache long term!
Apple has a number of backup options that can be found here.
3) Encrypt your hard drive
This is important it also takes a bit of time so do it last thing in the evening as it does effect the performance of your machine whilst running. Remember encrypting your hard drive will keep your data safe if your machine is ever lost or stolen. Windows uses BitLocker to encrypt drives and can be turned on by going to the search bar at the bottom of your screen and typing in "Manage Bitlocker"
this will open up the Bitlocker manager here you can turn bit locker on. If you get an error message about TPM you will need to do the following before you proceed:
1) Log on to
Windows 10 computer with the account that has administrative privileges.
2) Click
Start and at the bottom of the menu in search box type GPEDIT.MSC
command and press enter key.
3) On the opened
Local Group Policy Editor snap-in from the left pane expand Computer
Configuration > Administrative Templates > Windows Components > Bit
Locker Drive Encryption and from the expanded list click to select Operating
System Devices.
4) From the
right pane double-click “Require additional authentication” at startup.
5) On the
opened box click to select Enabled radio button and ensure that under
Options section Allow Bit Locker without a compatible TPM checkbox is checked.
6) Once
done, click Ok button to allow the changes to take effect and close Local
Group Policy Editor snap-in.
Once this is done return to the Bitlocker manager and turn Bitlocker on, it is very important that you keep the recovery password you are given in a safe place as you will need this if you ever forget your password.
Apple uses FileVault to do this and the instruction to do this can be found here.
4) Invest in a VPN
I know I have said this before but I can not stress it enough if you want to keep your online data away from prying eyes and protect yourself whilst using wireless networks a VPN is a must have!! There are tons of premium VPNs on the market so do some home work and find one that suits your budget and expectations. Like I said before I use AirVPN I haven't had any issues with it yet other than a few lingerings DNS issues that may be linked more so to Windows 10 than the VPN. My plan costs €30 for six months and I have unlimited bandwidth, but like I said do your own research and pick a VPN that suits your needs. Stay away from free services unless you really trust to provider even then be wary.
5) Lock-down Windows 10
Microsoft has more or less given anyone who wants Windows 10 the operating system for free. Now when large multi-nations start giving their products away for free its only natural to ask why. I don't have the answer on this just yet but I am guessing it has something to do with the large amount of access and data their new operating system gives them if a load of options are not turned off. After researching Windows 10 I have altered my
privacy settings from on to off as I do not want to share my location,
microphone, camera or calendar with Microsoft or any third party applications.
The fact that all of these settings are turned on by default is a bit worrying
as many non-tech users are unknowingly sharing all of their private information
with both Microsoft and third party applications. To turn all of these setting
to off navigate to the bottom right of your screen and click on the
notification manager. This is the little box that looks like a chat icon. From
here select the all settings tab, you can now navigate to privacy and choose
what setting you want turned on or off. I recommended turning everything off
unless you rely on an application that requires some of these features left on. And next time you get something for free maybe consider what the motive is for such a generous giveaway in an age where data is the new gold.
